点人溯事 · 历史人物生平行迹专题（第 21 / 58 篇）
郭沫若留日与抗战行迹（1892年 — 1978年 · 清光绪十八年至 1978 年）
Guo Moruo: From Kyushu to Wartime Chongqing (1892 CE – 1978 CE · Late Qing to the People's Republic)
时代跨度：1892年 — 1978年 · 清光绪十八年至 1978 年
途经站点：共 14 站
起点 → 终点：嘉定府沙湾 → 北平
全线途经古今地名：嘉定府沙湾（今四川乐山沙湾） → 成都（今四川成都） → 东京第一高等学校（今日本东京） → 冈山（今日本冈山） → 福冈（今日本福冈） → 东京（今日本东京） → 上海（今上海） → 广州（今广东广州） → 南昌（今江西南昌） → 千叶市川（今日本千叶县市川市） → 上海（今上海） → 武汉（今湖北武汉） → 重庆（今重庆） → 北平（今北京）。
Route Stops: Shawan, Jiading Prefecture (Shawan, Leshan, Sichuan) → Chengdu (Chengdu, Sichuan) → First Higher School, Tokyo (Tokyo, Japan) → Okayama (Okayama, Japan) → Fukuoka (Fukuoka, Japan) → Tokyo (Tokyo, Japan) → Shanghai (Shanghai) → Canton (Guangzhou) (Guangzhou, Guangdong) → Nanchang (Nanchang, Jiangxi) → Ichikawa, Chiba (Ichikawa, Chiba, Japan) → Shanghai (Shanghai) → Wuhan (Wuhan, Hubei) → Chongqing (Chongqing) → Beiping (Beijing) (Beijing).
郭沫若留日与抗战行迹 · 逐站时空坐标、古今地名与史料诗词详解（14 站）
生于四川嘉定府乐山县沙湾镇，原名开贞；幼读家塾，少年两度被校方开除，风潮之名已著。
Born to a merchant family in Shawan, Sichuan, Guo Kaizhen — later Guo Moruo — was twice expelled from school for student activism.
入成都四川官立高等分设中学堂，参加国会请愿风潮；1913 年考取高等学堂理科未学，年底得长兄资助东渡。
At school in Chengdu, Guo joined the constitutional-agitation protests; at the end of 1913, with his elder brother's help, he sailed for Japan.
正月抵东京，七月考入第一高等学校特设预科三部；1915 年“二十一条”交涉，愤而归国至上海，知条约已签，复返日求学。
Reaching Tokyo in January 1914, Guo entered the First Higher School preparatory course; during the Twenty-One Demands crisis he sailed home in fury, returning only after the treaty was signed.
秋入冈山第六高等学校第三部医科，与成仿吾同学；遍读泰戈尔、歌德、惠特曼，1916 年与佐藤富子（安娜）相识结合。
At the Sixth Higher School in Okayama, Guo studied medicine alongside Cheng Fangwu, discovered Tagore, Goethe and Whitman, and met his Japanese wife Sato Tomiko.
升入九州帝国大学医学部；五四运动后组织夏社，在博多湾畔写下《凤凰涅槃》《炉中煤》诸诗，寄上海《时事新报》发表，一举成名。
Rising to the medical school of Kyushu Imperial University, Guo answered May Fourth with poems written beside Hakata Bay that startled the literary world back home.
郭沫若《炉中煤》（1920）：“啊，我年青的女郎！我不辜负你的殷勤，你也不要辜负了我的思量。我为我心爱的人儿，燃到了这般模样！”Guo Moruo, Coal in the Furnace (1920): "Ah, my young sweetheart! I shall not fail your tenderness, nor you my longing — for my beloved I burn to this."
六月与郁达夫、成仿吾等在东京成立创造社；八月诗集《女神》由上海泰东图书局出版，为中国新诗奠基之作。
In June 1921 Guo co-founded the Creation Society in Tokyo with Yu Dafu and Cheng Fangwu; that August his collection The Goddesses appeared in Shanghai, founding modern Chinese poetry.
春自九州帝大毕业，携眷归国居上海，弃医从文，主持创造社诸刊；1924 年译河上肇《社会组织与社会革命》，思想左转。
Graduating in 1923, Guo brought his family back to Shanghai and gave up medicine for letters, translating Kawakami Hajime and turning toward Marxism.
三月应邀南下任广东大学文科学长，结识毛泽东、周恩来等；七月随国民革命军北伐，任总政治部宣传科长、副主任。
Invited south in March 1926 as dean of arts at Guangdong University, Guo met the young Communist leaders, then marched north with the Expedition as a propaganda officer.
四一二前夕在南昌朱德寓所撰《请看今日之蒋介石》，声讨其叛变，遭通缉；八月一日参加南昌起义，任宣传委员会主席，南下途中由周恩来、李一氓介绍加入中国共产党。
On the eve of the April 1927 purge Guo wrote his famous denunciation of Chiang Kai-shek from Zhu De's house in Nanchang; that August he joined the Nanchang Uprising and was admitted to the Communist Party on the march south.
为避缉捕，经周恩来同意流亡日本，定居千叶县市川，受宪警监视；十年间著《中国古代社会研究》《甲骨文字研究》《卜辞通纂》《两周金文辞大系》诸书，开马克思主义古史与甲骨学新局。
Fleeing the death lists, Guo settled in Ichikawa outside Tokyo under police watch; his ten exile years produced foundational works on ancient Chinese society, oracle bones and bronze inscriptions.
卢沟桥事变起，七月二十五日只身潜离市川，抛下安娜与孩子归国抵沪；创办《救亡日报》，投身抗战文化工作。
When full war broke out, Guo slipped out of Ichikawa alone on July 25, 1937, abandoning his wife and children to return and fight, founding the newspaper National Salvation Daily.
郭沫若《归国杂吟》（1937）：“又当投笔请缨时，别妇抛雏断藕丝。”Guo Moruo, on returning (1937): "Once more I lay down the pen to take up arms, severing wife and children like a lotus thread."
出任军委会政治部第三厅厅长，在周恩来领导下聚文化人于抗日宣传旗帜之下；武汉沦陷后撤往重庆。
Heading the culture bureau of the Political Department in Wuhan, Guo rallied writers and artists under Zhou Enlai for the war effort before the city fell.
改任文化工作委员会主任；1941 至 1943 年写成《棠棣之花》《屈原》《虎符》等六部历史剧，以古讽今，轰动大后方；1944 年作《甲申三百年祭》。
In Chongqing Guo led the Cultural Work Committee and wrote his great historical dramas — Qu Yuan above all — striking at the autocracy of the day through antiquity.
经香港北上出席新政协；此后任政务院副总理兼文化教育委员会主任、中国科学院院长、中国文联主席等职，1978 年 6 月 12 日病逝于北京。
Coming north via Hong Kong for the new political consultative conference, Guo became a vice-premier and the first president of the Chinese Academy of Sciences; he died in Beijing on June 12, 1978.