点人溯事 · 历史人物生平行迹专题（第 57 / 58 篇）
胡适留美与白话文运动行迹（1891年 — 1962年 · 光绪十七年至 1962 年）
Hu Shih: Cornell, Columbia and the Vernacular Movement (1891 CE – 1962 CE · Late Qing to Republic of China)
时代跨度：1891年 — 1962年 · 光绪十七年至 1962 年
途经站点：共 13 站
起点 → 终点：上海 → 南港
全线途经古今地名：上海（今上海） → 台南（今台湾台南） → 梅溪学堂（今上海） → 庚款放洋（今上海） → 北京大学（今北京） → 北京大学（今北京） → 中国公学（今上海） → 北京大学（今北京） → 香港（今香港） → 北京大学（今北京） → 上海（今上海） → 台北（今台湾台北） → 南港（今台湾台北南港）。
Route Stops: Shanghai (Shanghai, China) → Tainan (Tainan, Taiwan, China) → Meixi Academy (Shanghai, China) → Boxer Indemnity Students (Shanghai, China) → Peking University (Beijing, China) → Peking University (Beijing, China) → China National Institute (Shanghai, China) → Peking University (Beijing, China) → Hong Kong (Hong Kong, China) → Peking University (Beijing, China) → Shanghai (Shanghai, China) → Taipei (Taipei, Taiwan, China) → Nangang, Taipei (Nangang, Taipei, Taiwan, China).
胡适留美与白话文运动行迹 · 逐站时空坐标、古今地名与史料诗词详解（13 站）
12月17日生于上海，籍贯安徽绩溪上庄；父胡传年五十而得此子。
Born in Shanghai on 17 December 1891 to a family of Jixi, Anhui — his father was fifty.
随母赴台南父任所，转台东；甲午割台，随母内渡归绩溪，未几父病殁厦门。
He followed his mother to his father’s posts at Tainan and Taitung; after Taiwan was ceded in 1895 they returned to Jixi, and his father died at Xiamen.
赴上海入梅溪学堂，转澄衷、中国公学，读严译、梁著，思想初开，且以白话演说著文名于学生界。
From Meixi to Chengzhong to the China National Institute he read Yan Fu and Liang Qichao and made his name as a teenage orator.
考取庚款留美官费，9月入康乃尔大学，初习农科，转文学院；后入哥伦比亚大学，从杜威治实验主义。
A Boxer Indemnity scholar, he entered Cornell (farm, then arts) and went on to Columbia to study experimentalism under John Dewey.
应陈独秀之聘任北京大学教授，讲中国哲学史；《文学改良刍议》倡白话，新文学自此起步。
Hired by Chen Duxiu to teach philosophy at Peking University, his manifesto for the vernacular launched the new literature.
胡适《文学改良刍议》（1917）：“白话文学之为中国文学之正宗，又为将来文学必用之利器。”Hu Shih, "A Preliminary Discussion of Literary Reform" (1917): "Vernacular literature is the true orthodox literature of China, and the instrument of her literature to come."
《中国哲学史大纲》上卷出，以"问题与主义"论辩李大钊；倡"大胆的假设，小心的求证"。
His Outline of the History of Chinese Philosophy appeared; against Li Dazhao he argued for problems over isms, hypotheses boldly made and tested carefully.
出任中国公学校长，办《新月》，人权论战正酣。
As head of his old school he ran the Crescent Moon magazine through the heated human-rights debate.
回任北京大学文学院长，整理国故与兴办研究并进。
He returned to Peking University as dean of letters, reorganizing both research and the "reordering of the national heritage".
卢山谈话会自南京南下，取道香港赴欧美宣传抗战；翌年受任驻美大使，凡四年，力促美援。
After the Lushan conference he went south through Hong Kong to rally America; ambassador in Washington from 1938, he spent four years building US support.
自美归国就北京大学校长，筹划复员与重建。
Returning from America he took the presidency of Peking University amid postwar reconstruction.
时局变，4月自上海搭船赴美，寓纽约九年。
As the civil war ended he sailed from Shanghai in April for New York, where he lived nine years.
就任中央研究院院长，返台定居南港。
He returned to Taiwan as president of Academia Sinica, settling at Nangang.
2月24日于研究院酒会中心脏病猝发逝世，年七十一；"容忍比自由还更重要"传诵至今。
He died of a heart attack at the institute’s reception on 24 February 1962; "tolerance matters more than freedom" remains his most quoted line.