点人溯事 · 历史人物生平行迹专题（第 30 / 58 篇）
蒋介石留日与军政行迹（1887年 — 1975年 · 清光绪十三年至 1975 年）
Chiang Kai-shek: From the Takada Regiment to Taipei (1887 CE – 1975 CE · Late Qing to Taipei)
时代跨度：1887年 — 1975年 · 清光绪十三年至 1975 年
途经站点：共 11 站
起点 → 终点：奉化溪口 → 台北
全线途经古今地名：奉化溪口（今浙江宁波奉化溪口） → 东京清华学校（今日本东京） → 保定（今河北保定） → 东京振武学校（今日本东京） → 高田（今日本新潟上越市） → 杭州（今浙江杭州） → 广州黄埔（今广东广州黄埔） → 南京（今江苏南京） → 庐山（今江西九江庐山） → 重庆（今重庆） → 台北（今台湾台北）。
Route Stops: Xikou, Fenghua (Xikou, Fenghua, Ningbo, Zhejiang) → Qinghua School, Tokyo (Tokyo, Japan) → Baoding (Baoding, Hebei) → Shimbu Gakko, Tokyo (Tokyo, Japan) → Takada (Takada (Joetsu), Niigata, Japan) → Hangzhou (Hangzhou, Zhejiang) → Whampoa, Canton (Whampoa, Guangzhou, Guangdong) → Nanjing (Nanjing, Jiangsu) → Mount Lu (Mount Lu, Jiujiang, Jiangxi) → Chongqing (Chongqing) → Taipei (Taipei, Taiwan).
蒋介石留日与军政行迹 · 逐站时空坐标、古今地名与史料诗词详解（11 站）
生于宁波府奉化县溪口镇盐商之家，谱名周泰，学名志清；幼年失怙，由母王采玉抚育。
Born to a salt-merchant family in the Zhejiang town of Xikou, Chiang lost his father young and was raised by his formidable mother.
四月剪辫东渡，因非官费不能入军校，入东京清华学校学日语；结识陈其美，深受反清思潮影响，冬回国。
Sailing to Tokyo with his queue cut off, Chiang found military schools closed to private students and fell in with the revolutionary Chen Qimei.
考入通国陆军速成学堂（保定军校前身）习炮兵；冬应考留日陆军生获选。
Chiang passed into the army's accelerated academy at Baoding as an artillery cadet, winning selection for Japan that winter.
春被选送入振武学校第十一期；夏经陈其美介绍在上海加入同盟会，在日与苏曼殊等往来革命。
At the Shimbu preparatory academy Chiang joined the Tongmenghui through Chen Qimei and moved in revolutionary circles.
振武毕业，冬入第十三师团野炮兵第十九联队充士官候补生；雪国擦马厩兵之役，由一等兵晋伍长；1927 年重访师团长长冈外史，题“不负师教”。
Graduating from Shimbu, Chiang was posted to a field artillery regiment in snowbound Takada, grooming horses and rising to corporal; decades later he wrote his old general "never failed your teaching."
武昌起义后微服自长崎归国，11 月 4 日夜任敢死队炸弹队指挥官攻浙江巡抚衙门，杭州光复；后任沪军第五团团长。
Slipping home at the revolution's outbreak, Chiang led the bomb squad that stormed the Hangzhou viceroy's yamen on November 4, 1911.
六月出任中国国民党陆军军官学校（黄埔军校）校长，以校军起家；1926 年任国民革命军总司令誓师北伐。
Named commandant of the new Whampoa Military Academy in June 1924, Chiang built his career on its cadets and led the Northern Expedition from 1926.
四月清党后南京国民政府成立；1928 年北伐完成、东北易帜，国民政府形式上统一全国。
After the April 1927 purge Chiang established his government at Nanjing, completing nominal unification with the 1928 Northern Expedition.
七月十七日发表对卢沟桥事变声明，宣布中国已到最后关头，全面抗战自此揭幕。
On July 17, 1937, from Mount Lu Chiang proclaimed China's last-resort resistance, opening the War of Resistance.
蒋介石庐山声明（1937）：“如果战端一开，那就是地无分南北，年无分老幼，无论何人，皆有守土抗战之责任。”The Lushan statement (1937): "Once war begins, there will be no north or south, no old or young — every one of us owes the land the duty of resistance."
南京沦陷后国民政府西迁重庆，以大后方支撑八年抗战；1943 年出席开罗会议，1945 年抗战胜利还都南京。
The government retreated up the Yangtze to Chongqing and sustained eight years of war, Chiang joining the Cairo Conference in 1943 before victory in 1945.
内战失利，十二月退抵台北；1950 年复职，此后经营台湾二十五年；1975 年 4 月 5 日病逝于台北士林官邸，灵柩暂厝桃园慈湖。
After defeat in the civil war Chiang withdrew to Taipei in December 1949, ruling Taiwan until his death there on April 5, 1975.