点人溯事 · 历史人物生平行迹专题（第 62 / 74 篇）
茅盾编译生涯与东渡行迹（1896年 — 1981年 · 光绪二十二年至 1981 年）
Mao Dun: Editing, Exile and Midnight (1896 CE – 1981 CE · Late Qing to People’s Republic)
时代跨度：1896年 — 1981年 · 光绪二十二年至 1981 年
途经站点：共 13 站
起点 → 终点：桐乡乌镇 → 北京
全线途经古今地名：桐乡乌镇（今浙江桐乡乌镇） → 北京大学预科（今北京） → 商务印书馆（今上海） → 小说月报社（今上海） → 上海（今上海） → 东京（今日本东京） → 上海（今上海） → 上海（今上海） → 广州（今广东广州） → 迪化（今新疆乌鲁木齐） → 延安（今陕西延安） → 北平（今北京） → 北京（今北京）。
Route Stops: Wuzhen, Tongxiang (Wuzhen, Tongxiang, Zhejiang, China) → Peking University Preparatory Course (Beijing, China) → Commercial Press, Shanghai (Shanghai, China) → Fiction Monthly (Shanghai, China) → Shanghai (Shanghai, China) → Tokyo (Tokyo, Japan) → Shanghai (Shanghai, China) → Shanghai (Shanghai, China) → Canton (Guangzhou, Guangdong, China) → Dihua (Ürümqi) (Ürümqi, Xinjiang, China) → Yan’an (Yan’an, Shaanxi, China) → Beiping (Beijing, China) → Beijing (Beijing, China).
茅盾编译生涯与东渡行迹 · 逐站时空坐标、古今地名与史料诗词详解（13 站）
生于浙江桐乡乌镇沈家，本名沈德鸿，字雁冰；水乡市镇的世态人情，后来都入了他的小说。
Born Shen Dehong at the canal town of Wuzhen, he grew up among the shopkeepers and gentry who would people his novels.
考入北京大学预科，三年卒业而无力升学，谋职于社会。
He entered Peking University’s preparatory course, finishing in three years with no means to go further.
入上海商务印书馆编译所，由审订英文函授读本而至《小说月报》撰译，结识张元济、王云五诸人。
He joined the Commercial Press’s translation bureau, moving from English textbook work to the pages of Fiction Monthly.
与郑振铎、叶圣陶等发起文学研究会，接编《小说月报》全面革新，为新文学第一块纯文学阵地；同年参加中共早期组织。
With Zheng Zhenduo and Ye Shengtao he founded the Literary Research Association and rebuilt Fiction Monthly into the new literature’s flagship journal.
大革命失败后隐居上海景云里，以"茅盾"笔名连作《幻灭》《动摇》《追求》三部曲，为时代留影。
After the 1927 collapse he hid out in Shanghai writing the trilogy Disillusionment, Wavering and Pursuit under the new pen name Mao Dun — "contradiction".
遭通缉东渡日本，居东京一年有余，作《从牯岭到东京》申明创作立场，长篇《虹》亦成于此间。
Wanted by the police, he fled to Tokyo for over a year, stating his literary creed in "From Guling to Tokyo" and completing the novel Rainbow.
4月归国，加入左翼作家联盟，任行政书记；往来于沪上交易所与工业巨厦之间，为《子夜》积累素材。
Returning in April 1930 he joined the League of Left-Wing Writers, gathering material for Midnight among Shanghai’s exchanges and factories.
《子夜》由开明书店刊行，以民族资本家吴荪甫之败写半殖民地中国之局，鲁迅赞其"阵营内的写实文学的进步"。
Midnight appeared from Kaiming Book Company, mapping the fate of a national bourgeoisie caught between finance and empire — Lu Xun hailed it as a leap for realist fiction.
茅盾《子夜》（1933）：“太阳刚刚下了地平线。软风一阵一阵地吹上人面，怪痒痒的。”Mao Dun, Midnight (1933): "The sun had just slipped below the horizon; a soft wind brushed the face, tickling as it went."
抗战军兴，辗转武汉、广州、香港，主编《文艺阵地》，团结抗战文艺；新疆之行亦自此起。
Through Wuhan, Canton and Hong Kong he edited The Battlefront of Letters, rallying wartime writers.
应盛世才之邀任新疆学院教育长，办文化干部训练；翌年离新，取道兰州入延安。
Invited to head teaching at the Xinjiang Academy, he organized cultural cadres before moving on to Yan’an the next year.
在延安鲁艺讲学数月，见闻成《风景谈》《白杨礼赞》；后赴重庆主编《文艺》月刊。
He taught at Lu Xun Academy for months — the trip yielded "Talks on Scenery" and "In Praise of the White Poplar" — before editing in wartime Chongqing.
出席新政协，出任中央人民政府文化部部长，主全国文艺行政；《鼓吹集》《夜读偶记》相继问世。
He became the People’s Republic’s first Minister of Culture, administering the arts and writing criticism into old age.
3月27日病逝北京；临终以稿费设长篇小说文艺奖金，即今"茅盾文学奖"。
He died on 27 March 1981, bequeathing his royalties to the prize that bears his name — China’s Mao Dun Literature Prize.