点人溯事 · 历史人物生平行迹专题（第 46 / 58 篇）
森鸥外军医与德国行迹（1862年 — 1922年 · 文久二年至大正十一年）
Mori Ōgai: Army Surgeon and the German Years (1862 CE – 1922 CE · Bunkyū to Taishō Japan)
时代跨度：1862年 — 1922年 · 文久二年至大正十一年
途经站点：共 9 站
起点 → 终点：石见国津和野 → 千駄谷
全线途经古今地名：石见国津和野（今日本岛根津和野） → 东京大学医学部（今日本东京） → 横滨港（今日本横滨） → 东京（今日本东京） → 小仓（今日本北九州小仓） → 满洲（今中国大连） → 陆军省（今日本东京） → 帝室博物馆（今日本东京） → 千駄谷（今日本东京）。
Route Stops: Tsuwano, Iwami (Tsuwano, Shimane, Japan) → Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo (Tokyo, Japan) → Port of Yokohama (Yokohama, Japan) → Tokyo (Tokyo, Japan) → Kokura (Kokura, Kitakyushu, Japan) → Manchuria (Dalian, China) → Army Ministry (Tokyo, Japan) → Imperial Museum (Tokyo, Japan) → Sendagaya, Tokyo (Sendagaya, Tokyo, Japan).
森鸥外军医与德国行迹 · 逐站时空坐标、古今地名与史料诗词详解（9 站）
生于石见国津和野藩医之家，本名森林太郎；五岁习《论语》，少年入藩校养老馆。
Born Mori Rintarō, son of the domain physician of Tsuwano, he was reading the Analects at five.
十九岁以最年少卒业东京大学医学部，任陆军副军医；本志留学而未果，遂走军医之路。
He graduated at nineteen, joined the army medical corps, and chose the military road to get abroad.
8月自横滨出港，经马赛抵柏林，奉命考察陆军卫生制度；历莱比锡、德累斯顿、慕尼黑、柏林四城，从佩滕科费尔、科赫问学，与北里柴三郎同寓。
Sailing for Marseille and Berlin, he studied army hygiene through Leipzig, Dresden, Munich and Berlin under Pettenkofer and Koch, sharing rooms with Kitasato Shibasaburō.
归国后以德意志经验作《舞姬》，与《泡沫记》《信使》并称"独逸三部曲"，开日本近代浪漫主义文学之门。
Back home he turned his German years into The Dancing Girl and its companions — the door of Japanese romantic literature.
森鸥外《舞姬》（1890）：“爱丽丝啊，爱丽丝，愿神宽恕你的罪。”Mori Ōgai, The Dancing Girl (1890): "Ellis, Ellis — may God forgive thee thy sin."
转任小仓第十二师团军医部长，郁郁三年，自谓"失意于军旅与文坛之间"。
Transferred to the 12th Division at Kokura, he spent three stifled years between army life and a silenced pen.
以第二军军医部长出征日俄战争，经辽阳、沙河、奉天诸役，督战地卫生防疫；由此深研兵食与伤寒之防。
As medical chief of the Second Army through Liaoyang, Shaho and Mukden, he reformed field sanitation and pushed the typhoid vaccine.
晋陆军军医总监、陆军医务局长（中将相当），导入肠伤寒预防接种，设脚气病调查会。
As Surgeon General (lieutenant-general rank) he introduced typhoid vaccination and convened the beriberi inquiry.
退役后任宫内省帝室博物馆总长兼图书头，转向史传考据，《帝谥考》成而元号考证未竟。
Retiring from the army, he headed the Imperial Museum and the Imperial Library and turned to historical biography, finishing his study of imperial posthumous titles.
7月9日病逝于千駄谷自邸，年六十；遗命一切葬祭从简，不起坟墓，不立墓碑。
He died at home on 9 July 1922, ordering that no rites be held and no tomb be raised.