竹内好留学北京与鲁迅研究行迹（1910年 — 1977年 · 日本明治四十三年至昭和五十二年）

生于长野县南佐久郡臼田町（今佐久市），少年随家迁居东京，就读东京府立第一中学、旧制大阪高等学校。

Takeuchi was born in Usuda in Nagano and moved to Tokyo as a boy, attending the First Prefectural Middle School and Osaka Higher School.

九一八事变之年考入东京帝国大学文学部支那文学科；翌年休学首次短期游历中国。

In the year of the Manchurian Incident, Takeuchi entered the Chinese literature department of Tokyo Imperial University; the next year he made his first short trip to China.

毕业前夕与武田泰淳、冈崎俊夫等创立中国文学研究会，次年创刊《中国文学月报》，反对旧式汉学与学院“支那学”，主张把中国文学当作活的当代文学来研究。

Before graduating, Takeuchi co-founded the China Literature Research Society with Takeda Taijun and others, launching its monthly journal to study Chinese literature as a living present, against the grain of classical sinology.

竹内好《〈中国文学〉的废刊与我》：“中国文学研究会是独一无二的——不仅在理解中国的意义上，在对现代文化进行内在批判的意义上也试图如此。”Takeuchi Yoshimi: "The China Literature Research Society is unique — unique not only in understanding China, but in attempting the inner criticism of modern culture itself."

10 月获外务省文化事业部奖学金赴北京留学约两年，在近代图书馆工作并教日语，与滞留北平的周作人、钱稻孙等笔谈；亲眼看到沦陷下的故都。

Two months after the Marco Polo Bridge Incident, Takeuchi arrived in Beiping on a Foreign Ministry fellowship, working in a library and teaching Japanese, meeting Zhou Zuoren and other stranded scholars in a fallen capital.

加入回教圏研究所，赴中国北部与蒙疆出差考察，撰《中国北部、蒙疆的回教》，记录沦陷区普通百姓的生活。

Joining the Institute for the Study of the Islamic World, Takeuchi traveled across northern China and Mengjiang, writing on Islam there and recording the lives of ordinary people under occupation.

拒绝与大东亚文学者大会协力，年底解散中国文学研究会、《中国文学》停刊；应召前夕抱“近于遗书”的心境赶写《鲁迅》，次年由日本评论社出版，成为日本鲁迅研究的奠基之作。

Refusing cooperation with the state-sponsored writers' congress, Takeuchi dissolved his society at the end of 1943; on the eve of conscription he wrote his seminal book Lu Xun, "something close to a testament."

被征入陆军，作为“文化兵”派往中国湖南，在岳州（今岳阳）一带任翻译与中文教官；1945 年 8 月在此迎来日本战败，翌年 7 月复员。

Drafted into the army, Takeuchi was posted to Hunan as a cultural soldier, serving as interpreter and Chinese instructor around Yuezhou; there in August 1945 he met Japan's defeat, returning home the next summer.

复员后任庆应义塾大学讲师；1948 年发表《中国的近代与日本的近代》（后题《何谓近代》），以鲁迅为镜批判日本近代的“优等生文化”；1953 年任东京都立大学教授。

Demobilized, Takeuchi taught at Keio University; his 1948 essay on Chinese and Japanese modernity used Lu Xun as a mirror to criticize Japan's "honor-student" modernization, before he became a professor at Tokyo Metropolitan University.

竹内好《何谓近代》：“日本在向近代的转折点上，对欧洲抱有决定性的劣势意识……以自己成为奴隶的主人，来从奴隶中脱却。”Takeuchi Yoshimi, What Is Modernity: "At the turning point toward modernity Japan felt decisively inferior to Europe... it sought to escape slavery by becoming the master of slaves."

1 月发表演讲《作为方法的亚洲》；5 月新日美安保条约强行表决后，愤而辞去东京都立大学教授；1963 年结成“中国之会”、创刊《中国》，呼吁恢复日中邦交；1965 年宣言“评论家废业”，此后专心翻译鲁迅。

Takeuchi lectured on "Asia as Method" in January; after the forced passage of the renewed US-Japan Security Treaty in May 1960 he resigned his professorship, founded the China Society and its journal, and in 1965 renounced criticism to devote himself to translating Lu Xun.

竹内好《作为方法的亚洲》：“为了更大规模地实现西欧优秀的文化价值，要由东洋再一次把西洋包裹起来、变革西洋——在这样的文化卷回之中创造普遍性。”Takeuchi Yoshimi, Asia as Method: "To realize the fine cultural values of the West on a grander scale, the East must once more wrap the West around and transform it — universality is created in this turning back."

在《鲁迅文集》全六卷刊行途中因食道癌病逝于武藏野市医院，年六十七；葬于多磨灵园；“作为方法”的思路经沟口雄三、子安宣邦等发扬，成为东亚思想史的重要资源。

Takeuchi died of esophageal cancer at sixty-six while his six-volume Lu Xun collection was still in press; his idea of "method" was carried forward by Mizoguchi Yūzō, Koyasu Nobukuni and others across East Asian thought.