点人溯事 · 历史人物生平行迹专题（第 54 / 58 篇）
王国维静安与观堂行迹（1877年 — 1927年 · 光绪三年至民国十六年）
Wang Guowei: From Jing’an to Guantang (1877 CE – 1927 CE · Late Qing to Republic of China)
时代跨度：1877年 — 1927年 · 光绪三年至民国十六年
途经站点：共 11 站
起点 → 终点：海宁盐官 → 颐和园昆明湖
全线途经古今地名：海宁盐官（今浙江海宁） → 时务报馆与东文学社（今上海） → 东京物理学校（今日本东京） → 通州师范（今江苏南通） → 江苏师范学堂（今江苏苏州） → 学部（今北京） → 京都（今日本京都） → 哈同花园（今上海） → 紫禁城（今北京） → 清华国学研究院（今北京） → 颐和园昆明湖（今北京）。
Route Stops: Yanguan, Haining (Haining, Zhejiang, China) → Shiwu Bao and the Eastern Literature Society (Shanghai, China) → Tokyo Physical School (Tokyo, Japan) → Tongzhou Normal School (Nantong, Jiangsu, China) → Jiangsu Normal School (Suzhou, Jiangsu, China) → Ministry of Education (Beijing, China) → Kyoto (Kyoto, Japan) → Hardoon Garden (Shanghai, China) → Forbidden City (Beijing, China) → Tsinghua Research Institute (Tsinghua, Beijing, China) → Kunming Lake, Summer Palace (Beijing, China).
王国维静安与观堂行迹 · 逐站时空坐标、古今地名与史料诗词详解（11 站）
生于浙江海宁盐官镇，初名国桢；父乃誉精书画金石，课以骈文古诗，而性喜独思。
Born at Yanguan, Haining, into a family of calligraphers and antiquarians, he was a solitary, brooding reader from childhood.
入《时务报》司书记校雠，兼就罗振玉东文学社习日文英文，为罗所赏识，自此以学术为业。
A proofreader at the Shiwu Bao by day and a student of Japanese and English at Luo Zhenyu’s society by night, he was spotted by Luo and bound for scholarship.
得罗振玉资助留学日本，入东京物理学校，数月以病归；西学之门既启，哲学气象自此大变。
Funded by Luo Zhenyu he entered the Tokyo Physical School, returning ill within months — but the door to Western philosophy was open for good.
应张謇聘主讲通州师范，授心理、伦理诸科，始治康德、叔本华。
At Zhang Jian’s normal school in Nantong he taught psychology and ethics while reading Kant and Schopenhauer.
转任苏州江苏师范学堂教习，撰《红楼梦评论》，融叔本华入红学，开比较批评之局。
Moving to the Suzhou normal school he wrote his Schopenhauer-inflected essay on the Dream of the Red Chamber, an opening of comparative criticism.
随罗振玉入京，任学部图书局编译；撰《人间词话》《宋元戏曲考》，境界之说与戏曲史之立并传后世。
In Beijing he compiled for the Ministry and wrote Renjian Cihua and the History of Song-Yuan Drama — the "realm" theory and the founding of Chinese drama history.
辛亥革命起，随罗振玉举家东渡，侨寓京都四年余，弃哲学而转向经史小学，治甲骨金文、汉晋木简；与京都内藤湖南、狩野直喜诸博士论学。
After the 1911 revolution he followed Luo Zhenyu to Kyoto, where for four years he turned from philosophy to oracle bones, bronzes and Han slips, in touch with Kyoto scholars Naitō Konan and Kano Naoki.
归国寓上海，任哈同《学术丛编》编辑主任兼仓圣明智大学教授，《观堂集林》之基奠于此。
Back in Shanghai he edited the Academic Series at Hardoon Garden, laying the base of his Guantang Collected Works.
以布衣应召入直南书房，为废帝溥仪文学侍从；甲子之变随驾出宫。
A commoner summoned into Puyi’s Southern Study as literary attendant, he followed the deposed court when it was driven out in 1924.
受聘清华学校研究院导师，与梁启超、陈寅恪、赵元任并称四大导师；讲《古史新证》，立"二重证据法"。
At Tsinghua’s new research institute he joined Liang, Chen and Zhao as one of the four great tutors, teaching with his "double evidence" method.
6月2日自沉于颐和园昆明湖，年五十；陈寅恪挽以"凡一种文化值衰落之时，为此文化所化之人，必感苦痛"。
On 2 June 1927 he drowned himself in Kunming Lake; Chen Yinke’s elegy named him a man who felt a culture’s collapse as his own.
王国维遗书（1927）：“五十之年，只欠一死；经此世变，义无再辱。”Wang Guowei’s final note (1927): "Fifty years of life, only death remained owed; after this upheaval, honor brooks no further disgrace."